Many of our patients come to our office with pain, consequently we perform a complete oral examination and take a series of X-rays to diagnose the origin of the pain. When we detect tooth decay (cavities) and we inform the patient that a filling must be done, they usually ask:
What is tooth decay (cavities)?
Tooth decay is a bacterial accumulation on the surface of the teeth, causing demineralization and destruction of its structure. It is formed when bacteria living in the mouth convert sugars and starches from food into acids, which attack the tooth enamel (the outer layer of the tooth).
Tooth decay is considered a disease, being the most common worldwide. It is estimated that 44% of the world’s population currently suffers from tooth decay. Over time, if left untreated, decay can penetrate deeper into the tooth, weakening it, affecting the dentin (the layer underneath the enamel) and even the dental pulp (the inner part containing nerves and blood vessels) causing pain and infection.
That is why it is so important to detect cavities early and fill them to replace the lost structure. If this is not done, more complex and expensive treatments such as endodontics or extractions and then implants will be necessary.
What can make you more at risk for cavities?
– A diet rich in sugars and carbohydrates: As already mentioned, bacteria degrade these sugars and carbohydrates and convert them into acids, the more available they are, the more acid they produce.
– Sugary and carbonated beverages: A high sugar content plus an acidic component that directly “dissolves” the enamel. In addition to causing erosions, they can stain the teeth if consumed in large quantities.
– Insufficient hygiene: Brushing teeth to neutralize these acids becomes a fundamental action, so not brushing at least twice a day (mornings and evenings) can lead to more risk of cavities.
– Dry mouth: Certain medications reduce salivary flow, which “bathes” the teeth and dilutes acids, protecting tooth enamel.
How can you reduce this risk?
– By limiting the consumption of carbonated beverages and highly processed products: industrial pastries, sweets, chips and snacks and unnatural juices.
– If you cannot limit consumption, increase hygiene and be aware of how certain foods affect your mouth.
– Go to your dentist for regular check-ups and make sure you review with your trusted professional the most appropriate oral hygiene technique for your case, to protect your teeth efficiently.
